Monday, June 30, 2008

Bill Gross and Mohamed El-Erian : The PIMCO maestros.



Bill Gross is again out with a no holds barred punch at the administration and the current state of affairs. He predicts a trillion dollar deficit for the next administration, and a severe inflationary uptrend.

I had linked to his earlier excellent missive and CNBC appearance here. There’s also a discussion where I speculated that a mean reversion in the price-earnings multiple to ~12 could be the fat tail PIMCO is watching out for.

It’s good to see wide media coverage for both Bill Gross and Mohamed El-Erian. I'm generally a fan of fixed-income strategists. While Gross has a nice straightforward way of assessing things, El-Erian's measured tone makes him really interesting to watch or read.

I’m currently reading El-Erian’s "When Markets Collide", and it’s been a gripping read so far. His analysis on the current situation is really thought provoking. I think this is shaping up to be one of the must read books of the year, especially to understand the current situation and the shape of things to come. (Think Taleb’s Black Swan in 2007). You can read the reviews from this Amazon link to pique your interest:



You can also read the introduction to the book from PIMCO’s website.

An excerpt from the introduction follows:

A series of inconsistencies and anomalies, which will be detailed throughout the book, acted as early signals of the growing tension between what participants or actors on the global finance stage were pressing for and what could be reasonably and safely accommodated by the existing systems in order to minimize the risk of turmoil.

Market participants first become aware of transformations through what is commonly known as “noise.” This noise comes initially from the sudden emergence of anomalies to long-standing relationships that participants take for granted. Noise can matter in so far as it contains signals of fundamental changes that, as yet, are not captured by conventional monitoring tools.

For what seemed an eternity for investors (many of whom feel that a week is a long time), the U.S. bond market provided signals about the economy that conflicted with those coming out of the other most liquid market in the world, the U.S. equity market.

This inconsistency was accompanied by a rather peculiar situation among Fed watchers, that group of economists and analysts on Wall Street who make their living from predicting the course of the most influential interest rate in the world—the fed funds rate. In the middle of 2006, with the rate at 51⁄4 percent, the vast majority of Fed watchers fell into two distinct and opposite camps. One confidently predicted rate hikes—to 6 percent; the other equally confidently predicted cuts—to 4 percent. I remember noting several times that I could not recall such divergence in sign and size among such credible market observers.

Hmm.. Don’t we have a similar situation right now? Market strategists and economists seem divided between whether interest rates are headed up (read PIMCO's missive) or down(eg. Gary Shilling). There's even a divergence between countries cutting or raising interest rates. Is this signal telling us something? The current divergence could be hinting at the shape of things to come over the next year or so. It's all about observing signals in the noise.

My 2 cents is that yields would probably come down in the next year in a deflation scare, before treasuries enter a decade long bear market. Even Hussman extended bond duration a few weeks back. PIMCO’s investment thesis, while right in the long run, could underperform this year.

Full Disclosure: None

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The 2008 European Bear Parade


Over the past two weeks, the commentary from Europe has gotten decidedly bearish. And none of them are talking of a run of the mill bear market. The most cheerful of the lot is forecasting a 30% global equity markets correction; the others are warning of a once-in-a-century doomsday scenario. So without further ado, here’s the European bear market parade:

The parade really started with RBS coming out with a warning about a full-fledged global stock market crash. With a call for the worst bear market in the last century, Bob Janjuah warned us that "a very nasty period" was soon to be upon us.

Next up was Morgan Stanley strategist Teun Draaisma, the guy who called the market top in July 2007. His advise was to bugger off and go goose hunting. With a call for a 10% downside over the next 6-9 months, that certainly sounded appealing. He's also called this the best shorting period since 2002(with some short screen ideas). His thoughts on the evolution of a bear market can be found here.

Barclays chimed in with this: "We're in a nasty environment," said Tim Bond, the bank's chief equity strategist. "There is an inflation shock underway. This is going to be very negative for financial assets. We are going into tortoise mood and are retreating into our shell. Investors will do well if they can preserve their wealth." I found their recommendations on yield curve steepening, shorting Asian bonds and Indian currency interesting.

The ever cheerful pair of James Montier and Albert Edwards at Societe Generale called for a decline of over 70% in the indices. “The US is leading the way, diving into deep recession as a collapse in consumer confidence induces The Great Unwind. This asset-backed economic Ponzi scheme will finally crash to earth as debt revulsion leaves interest rates impotent.” Other forecasts include oil at $60 and US 10 year bond yields at 2% There’s an interesting inflation versus deflation debate shaping up between the various market strategists.

Not to be left out, Fortis warned of a complete collapse of the US financial markets within a few days to weeks. "The situation in the US is much worse than we thought. There is starting to be a complete meltdown in the US. "

So there you have it, the great 2008 European Bear parade. It certainly seems like the unseasonal weather, massive asset write downs, and an economic slowdown has made the European strategists a moody lot. While US commentators like Louise Yamada, Grantham, Paul Desmonds and Hussman have cautioned on the stock markets, it's hard to beat the gloom and doom coming from Europe. It almost seems like a race to be out with the most bearish forecasts.

Their cheerful disposition is infectious indeed.


Full Disclosure: No positions. Wishing I was short Investment Banks back in July 2007.

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Thursday, June 26, 2008

In-Flight announcement - State of Economy (Parody)

(From an email)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This is your Captain Ben Bernanke speaking. Welcome to the now-bankrupt U.S.A. Air, flight number 1929, non-stop service to Depressionville.

After reaching a cruising altitude of 5.25 %, we’ll steadily drop down to 2.0 % and hold it there for a long time before crash landing at Depressionville.

For your safety, please bundle-up Treasury Bills and stay in dollar. Federal law prohibits speculating in commodities.

Our in-flight entertainment will feature two Market Watch films, “2 Dollar Gas,” starring Rex Nutting as comedian, and “Bull Run,” starring Mark Hulbert.

In the unlikely event we loose cabin pressure, there will be a ten dollar surcharge to use the Oxygen mask.

After reaching the cruising altitude, we will be serving you complimentary doses of Prozak and Maylox.

If there is anything we can do to reduce your inflation pain, please do not hesitate to contact one of our flight attendants to receive a low CPI number.

Thank you for choosing U.S.A. air for your final destination, sit back and rest in peace.

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Did the IMF blow the emerging markets bubble?

Sometime in late 2007, a ‘new paradigm’ seemed to have emerged; that of fast-growing developing markets to trade at a premium to the developed world. I was in India in December 2007, and was often befuddled at some of the articles and conversations I came across. Indeed, brokerage houses pompously proclaimed the dawn of a new era in emerging markets. Investors, it seemed, would pay up for the faster growth, disregarding country risk, currency risk, inflation risk, home bias, etc. Truly, a ‘structural change’ seemed to have occurred.

Fast forward six months, and it’s a completely different cup of tea. A lot of ink has been spilled on the under performance in the emerging markets YTD. Some reasons discussed include:

-Increased risk aversion (flight to quality).
-Credit crunch induced liquidation of assets.
-Commodity inflation induced price shocks.
-Reversion to the mean in valuations.
-Reversion to the mean in profit margins.
-Decline in cost competitiveness due to commodity inflation, local currency appreciation and increasing labor costs.
-Debunking of the decoupling theory.
-Uncapitalistic regulatory and price control regimes.
-Political upheaval due to upcoming elections in India.
-*Insert favorite reason here*

Well, how about a new one?

In January 2008, IMF came out with a now forgotten report titled “Global Growth Estimates Trimmed After PPP Revisions”. The report trimmed the annual global growth estimates between 2002-2007 by 0.5% each year, definitely not a ‘rounding error’! More importantly, the contribution to the global output from China went down from 15.8% to 10.9%, and India's contribution was revised from 6.4% to 4.6%: a downward revision of almost 30%!!

Here's an interesting chart from the IMF report:



Quite interestingly, countries whose contributions held steady seem to have outperformed those who faced downward revisions.

If you look at the table above, India (INP) and China (FXI), two countries where the contribution percentages went down sharply, have underperformed in 2008. On the other hand, Japan (EWJ) and Brazil (EWZ), where contributions were (marginally) revised upwards, have held up rather well.



Is this merely a coincidence? While I don’t know the answer to the above question, it's certainly a good one to ask.

Parting thoughts: what are the possible implications of this 30% downward revision on the current commodity super cycle boom? A case maybe of going too far too fast?


Ticker symbols discussed: SPY, FXI, EWJ, EWZ, INP

Full Disclosure: None


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